Family Systems Theory is when you look at the family as a whole. Every family member has a specific role in the family (i.e. the peacemaker, the comforter, the rebel, etc.). If a family loses one of the members of their family, the family wouldn't be the same. In a way, families are like cakes. When you bake a cake, each ingredient has a specific purpose. For example, baking powder determines if a cake rises or not. If you leave the baking powder out of the cake mixture, the cake will not be the same. So, if a family member leaves his or her family, or is not a part of it anymore, the family will not be the same. 
Exchange Theory focuses on the costs vs. benefits within a relationship.When a relationship will cost more than it will benefit an individual, then it is possible that the relationship will not last very long. But, if a relationship benefits an individual more than it costs him or her, then the relationship will thrive.
Symbolic Interaction Theory is when individuals in a relationship interpret gestures differently. An example of this could be when a husband and wife try to show their love for each other. The husband may show his love through buying gifts for his wife, but his wife wasn't raised that way, so she thinks that he is trying to "show off" to everyone that they have all the money in the world because she is always receiving gifts.
Conflict Theory refers to when there are conflicts within the family and once a conflict occurs, some families may change for the better or for the worse. Conflicts may involve money challenges, unfaithful spouses, wavering children, etc. If a couple has more things in common then there will be less conflict between them.
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